Black holes and quantum "magic" can help to model the beginning of time.

Material is one form of energy. To understand the absolute form of the energy and material the researchers must realize what kind of effect the beginning of time. The time began at the point called the Big Bang. At that point, the material is released into the 3D universe. At that point, the linear time began. One version of the description of time is the expansion of the universe, and another description could be the decrease of the temperature in the universe. 

Modeling the beginning of time helps to model the end of time. And why we are so interested in the end of time? That helps to create new types of energy sources. We say that things like steam machines can operate only at high temperatures. But then we forget one thing temperature is relative. If we would be on the planet or dwarf planet Pluto, the low temperature makes it possible to use liquid helium in our steam engine. 

That means the system uses boiling helium as the steam that puts our cold steam engine moving. Or if we want just to create steam we must decrease pressure in the pressure chamber, and that decreases boiling temperature. The expansion of the liquid is the thing that gives power to the machine. So what is hot and what is cold? The boiling gas is very cold but it can act like boiling water.

The quantum world is marvelous. When we think that material or wave movement tunnels through the wall they can cross the speed of light. The first version is when a particle hits the wall with the speed of light in the vacuum it slows its speed. 

The reason for that is simple. The particle which hits the wall or potential barrier starts to deliver energy. That forms Cherenkov radiation.  If the energy level of the potential barrier is high the incoming particle delivers energy slower than if the potential barrier is cold. But if the energy level of the potential barrier is higher than impacting particle's energy level, it starts to send energy to that particle. 

The universe is the time. Or it's spacetime. The combination of time and space dominates the material. Time is the mystery that dominates the universe and determines its fate. The fate of the universe is destruction because sooner or later the last stars will lose their energy sources. And then the energy level of the universe starts to decrease. That thing causes a situation where a black hole's vaporization turns faster.

Gravitational waves that black holes send are the result of that vaporization. Gravitation is an energy field, or radiation field, as well as all other energy fields. So gravitational field is a quantum system. That means the gravitation attempts to reach energy minimum the same way as all other quantum systems are. 

Gravitational fields are also energy fields. So stronger gravitational field is like a hill in a lower gravitational field. And that thing causes a situation where the gravitational waves start to flow to the gravitational field, that is at the lower energy level. And that effect can be one of the explanations for the dark energy. 

How can gravitation turn opposite? And could that antigravitation be the reason for dark energy that rips the universe into pieces? 

When a stronger energy field. That has the same oscillation frequency as a weaker field impacts that field on a lower energy level, it pushes it away. The thing is that gravitation cannot come from nothingness. And another interesting thing is that gravitational fields also can form the Schwinger effect. 

The gravitational Maser effect is also possible. When gravitational maser radiation impacts to regular gravitational field it causes the Schwinger effect that forms very short-term particles. That thing forms the empty hole in the gravitational field where that field drops. The effect would be similar to the vacuum bomb. But the radiation that this thing causes is the gravitational radiation. 

Sometimes I have written that maybe the Higgs field is the thing that explains gravitation. The Higgs field gives mass to objects. And that means the field could be the base-energy level in the universe. If we talk about the minimum energy levels there must be some kind of energy field that is the minimum energy level. 

If we observe the Gravitational maser effect and antigravitation by using the Higgs field, the gravitational maser will create a hole or vacuum bubble in the Higgs field. And then that thing will collapse. The reflecting gravitational field (or Higgs field) forms the gravitational waves that are traveling below the object if it hovers above something. 

The idea is that when that gravitational radiation travels out from those gravitational waves. And then that thing should turn gravitation to repelling. That can be the thing behind the expansion of the universe. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-magic-and-black-hole-chaos-could-help-explain-the-origin-of-spacetime/

Is deep learning necessary for artificial intelligence?

Once physicist name  Richard Feynman said: learn principles, not formulas. Or the full version of that quote goes like that: " Understand. Don't memorize. Learn principles, not formulas.". Feynman meant that nobody can memorize every single formula and parameter in the world. Knowing principles helps to make connections between formulas, across the field where those formulas require. The base thing is that there are multiple formulas. 

That meant for certain purposes. The formula that is made for physics will probably not fit mathematics. The difference between calculations is minimum, but the physics formula requires different variables than mathematical formulas. But otherways the physics formula requires only regular mathematics if the user of the formula gets the right variables. 

So formula E=Mc^2 mean

E=Energy

M=mass 

C^2 is the speed of light power 2. 

That means we can solve that formula very effectively by using simple mathematics. But for that, we require variables like the speed of light. 

All of the formulas not fitting into every field. But we can solve them be solved by using simple mathematical principles. Or actually, those formulas are nothing to solve. Those mathematical formulas are tools that are meant for calculating things like energy levels. 

The same formula meant for calculating energy levels doesn't fit to calculate the pressure at normal temperature. That calculation requires its formula. 

That idea is the key to deep learning or fuzzy logic. The learner simply learns principles. And then apply those principles to every formula that the learner sees. 

"Recent research demonstrates that brain-inspired shallow feedforward networks can efficiently learn non-trivial classification tasks with reduced computational complexity, compared to deep learning architectures. It showed that shallow architectures can achieve the same classification success rates as deep learning architectures, but with less complexity." (SctechDaily.com/Debunking the Myth: Is Deep Learning Necessary for Artificial Intelligence?)

 "Efficient learning on shallow architectures is connected to efficient dendritic tree learning, which incorporates findings from earlier experimental research on sub-dendritic adaptation and anisotropic properties of neurons. This discovery suggests the potential for the development of unique hardware for fast and efficient shallow learning, while reducing energy consumption. (Representation of a deep learning neural network tree.)". (SctechDaily.com/Debunking the Myth: Is Deep Learning Necessary for Artificial Intelligence?)

The neural network can be physical. Or it can be virtual. We can say that structure that connects things like databases is a neural network as well as the structure. That connects sensors to databases or human brain neurons to one entirety. 

That is one way to close learning. The learner will not try to remember the exact formula. The learner simply studies the way to highlight the principle that guides that learner to select the right pages from the formula book, and there that learner can find the right formula. 

The idea of that kind of model is this. When the learner just knows the base principles that creature can connect those principles with multiple different places. 

In that case, things like physics lecture are the thing, that guides the learner to think that: "maybe the needed thing is physics formula". The reason for that is that lecture is about physics. This is an example of fuzzy logic. But I don't know how good an example that thing is about deep learning. 

Then we must realize that deeply learned things give the same answers as the formulas. That the actor just read from the paper. If we think about things like a robot that moves on streets. That machine might seem very deep thinking. The information handling protocol seems very impressive. But the thing is that the system might not realize what it does. When it sees something it just connects that thing to the certain database, where are certain actions that the robot can use in those situations. 

When the AI connects something that it gets from sensors with the database we must realize that the AI might not know what things in the databases mean. This is the thing about AI. 

The thing. What we call learning in the case of AI is just to make a new record for the system. When we are making databases. There might be a system that keeps records of how often it uses certain databases. And in that model. The system raises the rank of the database depending on how often it uses that database. The system operates like a page rank on the internet. 

But if we want that system gives some kind of response to the thing the computer just reacts to things like incoming stones. Or another car that comes from the right. The system must know traffic regulations. And then if the other car is too close push the brakes. But that kind of thing doesn't require deep learning. The system must not know why it must do something. It must just know the reaction to the case. When AI controlled robot sees some calculation and somebody asks solution for it. The system must not know what it does. It must just react the right way. 

https://scitechdaily.com/debunking-the-myth-is-deep-learning-necessary-for-artificial-intelligence/

The faux black hole or topological soliton is the star that acts like a black hole.

The black hole describes that the object pulls things inside it by using gravitation. Other types of ultra-dense objects act like black holes. But in those objects, things like electromagnetic fields or molecular wave movement pull material in that structure. Those things can have similar abilities to black holes. And they can accelerate particles at a very high speed. 

"Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have conducted simulations that suggest the existence of a new type of celestial object that closely resembles a black hole. Called a topological soliton, this hypothetical object distorts space in the same way as a black hole but scatters and releases weak light rays instead of absorbing them". ScitechDaily.com/Faux Hole Phenomenon: Could This Copycat Black Hole Be a New Type of Star?)

The researchers used mathematical equations and simulations to construct the object, indicating that there may be other hidden celestial bodies in space. This research is based on string theory and aims to reconcile quantum mechanics with Einstein’s theory of gravity, potentially proposing new types of ultracompact stars in the future". (ScitechDaily.com/Faux Hole Phenomenon: Could This Copycat Black Hole Be a New Type of Star?)

"Movie clip showing the gravitational lensing effects caused by no object in an observer’s line of sight, a black hole, and the topological soliton. Credit: Pierre Heidmann/Johns Hopkins University" (ScitechDaily.com/Faux Hole Phenomenon: Could This Copycat Black Hole Be a New Type of Star?)

Faux black holes are hypothetical stars where the magnetic fields are making the star act like a black hole. That thing would be a topological soliton that also could curve space and time. In that structure, two very fast-rotating electromagnetic fields drive plasma in the middle of the star. In that case, the electromagnetic black holes or faux black holes are acting precisely like black holes. But the thing that pulls material in the structure is the magnetic field, not the gravitational field. 

So topological soliton can create a very similar phenomenon as black holes. And the curvature of space and time can be visible also near those topological solitons. If we use the Higgs field model to describe this thing. Topological solitons form rolls. That pulls the Higgs field through them. 

 In physics and mathematics, a soliton is described like this: "In mathematics and physics, a soliton or solitary wave is a self-reinforcing wave packet that maintains its shape while it propagates at a constant velocity" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliton)

"Cancellation of nonlinear and dispersive effects in the medium causes solitons. (Dispersive effects are a property of certain systems where the speed of a wave depends on its frequency.) Solitons are the solutions of a widespread class of weakly nonlinear dispersive partial differential equations describing physical systems". (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliton)

https://scitechdaily.com/faux-hole-phenomenon-could-this-copycat-black-hole-be-a-new-type-of-star/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliton

Is there life on Mars?

"NASA’s Perseverance rover, shown in this artistic rendering, landed at Mars’ Jezero Crater in February 2021 and started gathering soil samples soon after that. Although Perseverance is not looking directly for organisms living on Mars today, the rover is collecting data that could be used to identify biosignatures of ancient microbial life. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech" (ScitechDaily.com/We Asked a NASA Scientist: Is There Life on Mars?)

Another question about this topic again. The answer to that question is very complicated. Before samples from the red planet are transferred to the BL-5 level laboratory where research teams can make the real chemical and microscopic analysis all answers are open. The BL-5 laboratories are required because those samples pollute very easily. 

"Electron microscopy revealed chain structures resembling living organisms in meteorite fragment ALH84001". (Wikipedia/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001). Those remnants could be bacteria fossils that could have a Martian origin. 

And if some DNA from Earth touches them. That makes it hard to detect the DNA or RNA samples from those bacteria remnants. Nobody believes that there are living bacteria on Mars. But there might be some bacteria fossils, there could be remnants of their genomes. 

The fact is before intensive research the question about primitive lifeforms on Mars is open. And the problem is that Mars lost its atmosphere in multiple meteorite impacts. At least three times Mars lost its lithosphere in deep impacts with asteroids. In that process, the position of the red planet changed. The shell of that planet melted. And that destroyed all lifeforms. But it's possible. That there still are DNA or RNA remnants in those stones. 

The big problem with searching for extraterrestrial bacteria is the lack of extraterrestrial DNA or RNA. No sample involves DNA that is 100% proven to be extraterrestrial. So without that information, it's very difficult to separate extraterrestrial bacteria from Earth bacteria. And the problem is that bacteria exchange their genomes. That means there is very hard to prove the extraterrestrial origin of some bacteria fossils even if there are some DNA or RNA remnants. 

And finally, "the face, Cydonia and Little Green men.

The "Cydonia City" is named because of the shape of those forms. The fact is that the "city" is an interesting place. And in some theories that is an abandoned alien city. The fact is that those pyramid-shaped structures. Along with " the face", are interesting because the geological process behind them is extraordinary. 

The remarkable thing in Cydonia is found in Wikipedia. 

"Cydonia lies in the planet's northern hemisphere in a transitional zone between the heavily cratered regions to the south and relatively smooth plains to the north. Some planetologists believe that the northern plains may once have been ocean beds and that Cydonia may once have been a coastal zone. It is in the Mare Acidalium quadrangle". (Wikipedia/Cydonia (Mars) So that area was a good place to establish a nuclear plant. And researchers cannot pass that kind of thing. 

Theoretically, we can create green skin for ourselves very easily. By using genetic engineering and nanotechnology, we can connect the genome that makes the chlorophyll in our skin cells. And that thing turns our skin photosynthetic. We must remember that there are also green snakes and other green reptilians on Earth. Chlorophyll would turn the skin green and make it possible. Animals can create sugars and vitamin C in their skin. 

The other interesting things are the "face" and "Cydonia. The problem is that those things are very interesting because there is a possibility that the "face" was a short-term geological structure. But what forms that structure? Also the "ruins" are interesting and that opens new questions. What is behind those structures? The thing is that three images from Viking 1 to Mars Global Surveyor 2001 show that the structure was real. But the geological process behind it is anyway interesting. 

But what if researchers find remnants of the things like human enterobacterium from Mars samples? That thing makes very big thoughts in the minds of researchers. There are lots of mysteries in the universe. And one of the things that we might think about is the possibility that some Earth bacteria will be found on Mars in an area. there are no probes. When we search for the origin of life we cannot close anything away from our minds. When we are talking and reading about myths of ancient aliens. We must keep our minds open. 

https://science.nasa.gov/face-mars

https://scitechdaily.com/we-asked-a-nasa-scientist-is-there-life-on-mars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydonia_(Mars)

NASA found the point in the universe where nothing exists.

The bubble of nothing. The diameter of that bubble is about 300 light-years is the place where is the lowest known energy level. The density of radiation and other fields are lowest as possible. That area is interesting. Because there some researchers hope that they could see the fourth dimension. 

The thing that separates the third dimension from the fourth dimension is the energy level. At which a particle loses its ability to interact with other 3D particles. That great nothing can just uncover the Higgs field. And it can answer the question does the proton split? That could uncover the possibility of the formation of iron stars. 

As I wrote many times the energy roof in the third dimension is the energy floor of the fourth dimension. In this area, the energy floor of the fourth dimension is extremely low. And researchers could think that they could see tachyon interaction. Theoretically, the tachyon cannot come out from the fourth dimension because the energy floor or energy that transfers to the tachyon at the point where it should start to interact with material pushes it back to the fourth dimension.  

The bubble of nothing is the place that is as close to the universe in its last times as possible. 

The low energy level makes it possible. That tachyon will enter into the third dimension. At that moment. There is no energy anymore that can push those particles back to the fourth dimension. So in a very old universe, tachyons can also travel in that low energy and a very cold place. Maybe Iron stars are the last stars that are creating energy. That thing requires that the proton is not splitting. If a proton splits the last energy source would be splitting protons. The splitting neutrons are the things that are also capable of energy sources. 

The bubble of nothing is the area that is as close to the time at the end of the universe as possible. The energy level in the old universe is very low if we compare it with the universe where we live. The material and gravitation interact similar way as they interact now. So near the last stars is similar plasma bubbles. That is around the Sun and other stars. But the universe or space is lower energy than it's today. 

The universe's density is lower and that means the difference between material density near stars and interstellar space is steeper than it's now. So when photons or electrons are traveling between stars. They are traveling faster than they travel today. And when those photons or electrons hit the plasma bubble they will slow their speed sending Cherenkov radiation. The energy roof is lower and there is a possibility that the tachyons can slip in that very cold universe where is only a couple of red dwarfs, black dwarfs, and maybe iron stars. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_star

Mitochondria is the powerhouse of cells.

There is no remaining original DNA of the very first organisms on Earth. People normally say that things like mitochondria (mtDNA) are not changing. But actually, there are mutations also in that DNA. When electromagnetic or chemical stress impacts the DNA that causes changes in its structure. This is one of the reasons why we cannot restore things like T-Rex to nature. We can take the DNA of that dinosaur and put that DNA in some other reptilians morula. In that process, we must just change the DNA in the cell's nucleus.

 But the problem is nobody knows how much damage is in that DNA. Nobody has ever seen a living T-Rex, and that means. No DNA can compare with the DNA sequences used in that work. Without full DNA from the living organism, there is no DNA matrix. If we want to fix those damages in genomes by using sequences taken from some chicken that thing will not work as we want. 

The problem is that nobody knows what DNA sequences are missing. So genetic engineers can create something that looks like T-Rex, but that thing will not be T-Rex. The mitochondria DNA doesn't give very much data about the organism where they give energy. 

Mitochondria have different, own DNA. That has no connection with the specie's DNA. So mitochondria still have the form. That they had before they went into symbiosis with cells. When cells start to divide, the mitochondria get a signal that they must start to multiply. This thing brings a very interesting idea to my mind. 

"A human blastocyst-like synthetic embryo called blastoid showing the presence of an enveloping layer of extra-embryonic cells, a blastocoel-like cavity, epiblast cells (green, giving rise to the future embryo) and hypoblast cells (red, giving rise to the future amnion). iMiGSeq was used to sequence mtDNA in a single blastoid to model the dynamics of mtDNA mutations during human embryogenesis. Credit: © 2023 KAUST; Mo Li". (ScitechDaily.com/Maternally Inherited Diseases: New Technology Uncovers Hidden Mitochondrial DNA Mutations)

Above: Asterix cartoon (Image:https://asterix.com/en/the-collection/albums/asterix-the-gaul/)

The strength of muscle cells depends on the number of mitochondria in those cells. If genetic engineers can create muscle cells that are more mitochondria than usual those muscles will be stronger. 

Do you know the comics Asterix? The small Gallian village defends itself against the Romans by using a secret potion that gives supernatural strength to those people. The reason why those strengths come from the potion is that those people are easier to control. When the effect time of the potion is limited they need the potion again, if they wish to fight. 

There is a possibility that something can give a chemical signal to mitochondria that they must start to divide. But at this time the cell will not divide. That thing increases the power of the muscle cells. If researchers make this kind of chemical, there is a possibility that that kind of thing makes it possible to create superhumans. And when superhumans will not need those strengths anymore the extra-mitochondria could be destroyed. 

These kinds of things are interesting. And new technology allows the creation of cloned mitochondria that can inject into cells. Those cloned mitochondria can give immune cells superpowers. That allows them to destroy cancer cells. The cloned mitochondria can help to keep things like cells alive until they will get to the laboratory. That technology can make organ transfers more successful than they still are. 

https://scitechdaily.com/maternally-inherited-diseases-new-technology-uncovers-hidden-mitochondrial-dna-mutations/

Where do we need General Relativity?

The main problem with old-fashion models of cosmology is that they are modeling the universe and its energy fields as a static entirety. The new models are modeling the universe and its energy fields as a dynamic entirety. That changes its form and energy states all the time. The energy state is not the entire universe. Another important thing is the wavelength of the oscillation. 

The Theory of General Relativity from 1916 is the repairing for weaknesses found in the Theory of Special Relativity from 1905. The problem with the Theory of Special Relativity is that it doesn't take notice of the curvature of spacetime. The thing is that we used models where the universe is a static entirety. Old theories didn't match reality like planet Mercury's orbiting time around the sun. 

And that made Albert Einstein create the Theory of General Relativity, which takes notice of the curvature of spacetime around the gravitational centers. Today we think that there is a pothole around every gravitational object. The thing that is made wrong in cosmology is that we forget that there are also hills in spacetime. Those hills are things like supernovas. Or high-energy objects that act like sources. That energy moves the borders of the system away from that center. 

In the light cone model, the hypersurface of the present is the energy level that is the same as the speed of light. The problem with that model is that: It introduces spacetime as the static and layer-shaped model. In modern models, gravitation makes potholes around the gravitational centers. And the form of electromagnetic quantum fields is changing all the time. In those models space and time are handled in an entirety called spacetime because the relation between the energy level of the particle and its environment determines the aging of the particle. 

The pothole around the objects makes the thing called gravitational lensing possible. Gravitational lensing means that gravitation can turn the route of the light. So that means there could be some kind of field that will turn the direction of the photons. That thing could be the Higgs field the energy field, that is all around the universe. 

When an object is in a gravitational pothole, that pothole pumps more energy from around the object in it. That explains why gravitation slows aging. When gravitation curves the universe into a pothole. It doesn't make that curvature from nothingness. That thing curves the Higgs field. So we can say that curvature in spacetime is curvature in the Higgs field. 

One of the most interesting things that the Theory of General Relativity makes possible is time travel. When a time traveler wants to travel forward in time. That actor must raise the object's speed to the speed of light. That thing stops time. And if the actor just wants to travel back in time, that person just must cross the speed of light. 

Or otherways saying: rise the capsule's energy level higher than its energy level would be in the speed of light. One of the simplest ways is to create a wheel-shaped craft where ions are traveling around the crew cabin at the speed of light. Then the crew will drive that craft to the gravitational field that causes virtual crossing at the speed of light. 

In some other versions, the system drives the craft against a medium like water with the speed of light. If light travels slower in that medium the craft would cross the speed of light in a second. And that impact can rise the speed of craft higher than the speed of light in that medium. In nuclear reactors neutrons that travel faster than the speed of light less than a second send the blue light shockwave called Cherenkov radiation. 

Time travel requires that the particle gets an energy level that is high enough. The high-power energy field dilates time. And if the particle crosses the speed of light it will travel to the past. Time travel is an interesting thing. The black holes are traveling to the past because escaping velocity from the black holes crosses the speed of light. 

And black holes should take information to the point where the supernova that created the black hole exploded. But there are many paradoxes in time travel theories. One of the most interesting things is that that time traveler can shoot his grandfather. And that means the time traveler will not ever be born. But if a time traveler meets and touches him or herself in the past there is a possibility that this thing causes detonation. 

The idea is that if we think of the time cone that models the particle that crosses the energy level that keeps that particle in the third dimension it turns to its mirror. The thing in time travel is bringing an interesting model about the particle that comes outside the system or space. When a particle comes outside the system. It creates a shockwave because it must push all other objects from its route. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity