The String theory and the 5-plet problem.

"Concept image of strange particles in an atom." (InterestingEngineering)

The 5-plet is a strange 5-particle group detected in the Large Hadron Collider that can challenge String theory and give answers for Dark Matter problems. The problem is that the 5-plet must not exist in the String model. But it still exists. When we think about String theory itself, that theory seems to give answers to every problem in the universe. String theory has the same problem with the Big Bang theory. That theory is commonly accepted, even if it's incomplete. String theory is made for filling the Big Bang theory giving answers to where the material that formed the Big Bang came from. The purpose of String Theory is to answer the question: What “exploded" in the Big Bang? 

String theory is not the same as the Grand Unified Theory, GUT. Some people think that the String theory gives answers to all problems in the universe. 

That is not even close to the truth. The String theory handles small parts of the entirety. And the thing that supports some kind of superstring’s existence is the cosmic web. The main idea of the String theory is that the internal superstrings or energy channels form a dimension. And the universe is like a bubble in one extremely large superstring. Those strings also form material and everything. And every single particle is a bubble in a superstring. We often forget that the Superstring theory is a repair tool for the Big Bang theory, which should explain where the material and energy came from. 

(InterestingEngineering)

The problem with the Big Bang theory is this: it doesn’t answer one of the most critical questions in physics. Where did that energy that formed the Big Bang come from? The Big Bang theory's basement is in the wave-particle duality, WPD. That means wave movement can turn into particles and particles can turn into wave movement. But without wave movement, there are no particles. So there are many updates in the Big Bang theory. The most modern model is that time itself formed the Big Bang. And the Big Bang was rather the Big Burst than the single Bang. That means in modern models the Big Bang was a series of events that formed the material in the form as we know it. 

That means the Big Bang was some kind of annihilation, but it doesn’t answer where those particles that formed the annihilation came from. One of the suggestions for that question is that there formed a giant black hole that exploded.  That black hole could have formed from wave movement that existed before the Big Bang. Or, another suggestion is that the hypothetical black hole was a remnant of the universe that existed before our universe. The multiverse model explains the space as a dimension where Big Bangs happen all the time. And universes form in the crossing points of other universes' radiation. That radiation pushes particles or wave movement into the points where their gravitational effect starts to form new universes. 

But proving that the model is not a very easy thing. If there is material outside the universe, that material is so cold that we cannot see it. But the multiverse is a logical conclusion that begins from the galaxies, galaxy clusters, and superclusters. The idea is that the universe itself is part of a larger entirety. But then we face another way to answer the problem of where everything came from. That answer is written in a very incomplete Brane theory. The idea is that the dimension or third dimension simply collapsed. That opened the channel from the fourth dimension straight to the second dimension. That energy channel formed the event called the Big Bang. If that model can be true the 3D material cannot close that channel because its energy level is too high. 

https://interestingengineering.com/science/ghost-particles-that-could-snap-string-theory

https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/things-know-can-data-large-hadron-collider-snap-string-theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality

Why is turbulence so important?

"The sky depicted in Vincent van Gogh's 1889 painting, The Starry Night has been studied for its turbulent flow"(Wikipedia, Turbulence)

“In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to laminar flow, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers with no disruption between those layers”. (Wikipedia, Turbulence)

When aircraft or laser beams travel through the gas it pushes particles away from it. Turbulence forms in the border between energy or two materials that have different densities. Turbulence forms on the aircraft wings when some air molecules touch the wing. That forms the whirl and when the aircraft moves ahead it pumps kinetic energy to those whirls. There are vertical and horizontal whirls and when they cross that causes oscillation. When crossing whirls pump energy into each other they start to oscillate the aircraft’s material. 

The whirl can form only in cases where there is a higher energy wall between low-energy or low-pressure fields. The idea is that the outcoming gas cannot break the whirl. The whirl can start to grow until the outcoming gas or energy breaks it. If things like laser beams travel through the gas that forms two whirls around that beam. The whirl also delivers energy inside it. And it can remain until incoming energy breaks it. Or outcoming energy destroys that structure. We call that thing turbulence. If some algorithms that can calculate turbulence are possible that thing can make a big advance for hypersonic aviation and plasma research. 

Turbulence is one of the most important things that we must control and predict. Turbulence, or chaotic whirling is the thing that makes it hard to create hypersonic jet engines. Turbulence is the thing that breaks plasma entirely in fusion systems. When We think about things like ramjet and scramjet engines the whirl that comes behind the dam makes the pressure wave that makes the pressure and heat barrier that ignites fuel breaks the fuel-air mixture shape. The dam is the cone-shaped structure in the ramjet engine. 

And that limits the use of the ramjet engine between Mach 1 and Mach 6. It is not possible to create the structure that connects the ramjet and scramjet engines using conventional methods. (Maybe) There is a test of thin wires at the front of the scramjet. The problem is that those things make the low-pressure area behind them. They look a little bit like fish. And when those pressure waves impact that causes whirls in the engine. 

Ramjet

Scramjet

The thing that limits ramjet speed is the turbulence behind the ramjet’s compression cone. The scramjet engine uses a different shape in the cone. Researchers tried to connect those shapes. But that is very hard to make. So in some ideas, the aircraft uses different turbojets, ramjets, and scramjets. The aircraft will accelerate to Mach 1 using regular turbojets. Then the ramjet system ignites. When the aircraft’s speed is high enough the scramjet engine starts. That allows the plane to operate from regular runways. And it gives it an extremely high speed. 

There is a possibility to create a cone that pulls itself away from the front of the engine. The system can share that cone structure into four bites that the system pulls away from the ramjet, and then the scramjet acts as the afterburner for that system. If the system can remove ramjet's cone it makes it possible to connect the scramjet behind the ramjet. That system can make it possible to create aircraft that can travel with speed Mach 12 and higher. The rocket ramjet means the rocket engine that uses atmospheric air while the aircraft travels in the air, and when it jumps out from the atmosphere that system can close the iris at the front of the ramjet. Then the oxygen-fuel mixture will burn in the engine. That turns to using the internal oxygen source. 

However, we can also consider turbulence and nuclear fusion. The problem in the plasma is that there is forming empty space or a difference between energy levels. The problem is that the lasers cannot push plasma using the same force at all points. If somebody creates a laser that inputs energy to the plasma by using a beam that covers the entire plasma ring that would be a big advance. It is also possible to create anion plasma in the fusion system. And then the ions will inject that plasma ring homogeneously from the entire length of the plasma. 

If the ignition happens homogeneously in the entire plasma that could make the system more stable. The problem with that system is with magnets. The same system that presses anions to the ring pulls ions away. If the system uses laser points, it creates energy hills within the system, which form a situation where the laser beams make whirls inside the plasma. The problem is in the one or mono-polar plasma. 

Particles in ion plasma repel each other. And there are small points where the magnetic system cannot press that plasma with the same power. That point is the connection point of magnets. Those points cause waves in the plasma where those particles will jump away from each other because of electromagnetic repel. That makes space in the plasma ring. And that space allows the form of the whirls. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/new-superdiffusion-proof-probes-the-mysterious-math-of-turbulence-20250516/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet