Can dark energy be a virtual effect?

"A new analysis argues that the standard cosmological model may be fundamentally unstable, raising questions about whether dark energy is really needed to explain the universe’s accelerating expansion. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, A Universe Without Dark Energy? Mathematicians Challenge Standard Cosmology)

If dark energy does not exist. What forms wave movement that rips the universe into pieces? It’s possible that dark energy is regular energy like gamma-ray flares. There is a possibility. That those. Hypothetical gamma-ray flares form in intergalactic space. When particles are accelerated by the  black holes in that space. That means the source of dark energy could be in the intergalactic space. Or in the space between galaxy clusters and megaclusters. That means that. Radiation. The gamma-ray objects in our galaxy cover those hypothetical flares. Under their brightness. 

Can the universe behave as it does without dark energy? Mathematicians suggest so. That means that dark energy would be virtual energy. When entropy in the universe rises. Things like gravity waves behave differently. That means that the entropy. It can explain why dark energy doesn’t necessarily exist. When the universe expands, the gravitational effect between objects like galaxy clusters and superclusters. Turns weaker. Also, the energy level between galaxy clusters turns weaker. That changes the relationship between internal energy in galaxy clusters.

And energy level outside those clusters and superclusters. Energy starts to flow faster to outside galaxy clusters. And that is one of the things. That can look like dark energy. In some other models, high-energy particles. Those particles travel from the supermassive black holes. Impact outside galaxies, or galaxy clusters and superclusters. They can form the thing. That we call dark energy. This means that the wave movement. 

That forms dark energy. Can exist. But the source of that energy is not as exotic. That we might want to believe. The third and most interesting model about dark energy is this. The galaxy's halo and scattering effect. It can be one thing. That forms the dark energy. Or particles. Those that come outside that halo area release their energy into it. 

So, can dark energy be? A very low energy Cherenkov radiation? 

The speed of light is a little bit lower in that halo than outside it. In galaxy clusters, there is also a little bit denser matter than outside it. When something like a very high-energy particle travels into those halos. 

That thing causes an effect. That looks like Cherenkov radiation. When that high-energy particle impacts that halo. It releases its kinetic energy. In the same way as when high-energy particles. travel through the halo of individual particles. They send Cherenkov radiation. The reason for that radiation is that when a particle travels faster. Than. It should. It must slow its speed. So, it must transfer kinetic energy into that field. So, energy must always travel from a higher to a lower energy level. 

So that means dark energy. It can be some kind of interaction between different energy fields. The speed of light. Outside galaxy clusters is only. A little bit higher than inside it. So that means that. When those particles travel faster than light. Or faster than they should in the halo release their energy. That energy transfer  is much weaker. Than in cases. There. The solar wind impacts the Earth's atmosphere. 

Or particles from a nuclear reactor impact water. This means that if that scenario is real. The reason for the dark energy could be a very weak Cherenkov radiation. 

In those cases, the dark energy source can be well-known. But things like background light and radiation from our own galaxy and galaxy clusters. Cover those sources. That source is some kind of gamma-ray glow between galaxies. That means that. Those galaxies and quasars. And their supermassive black holes can send such strong radiation. It covers that glow below it. Another thing is that. 

Things like cosmic hum. The monotonic radio hum that the Voyager spacecraft detected when it crossed the heliopause and entered interstellar space. That radio hum cannot cross the sun’s plasma impact wave that surrounds our solar system. This means that there can be radio signals that cannot travel through the Milky Way’s halo. So, there is a possibility. The dark energy is radio waves that we cannot detect. Because those signals cannot reach us. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-universe-without-dark-energy-mathematicians-challenge-standard-cosmology/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation