Could a photon be the hypothetical tachyon’s quantum boom? That form when tachyon releases its energy and slows its speed?

Hawking was right, black holes never shrink. part II

Could a photon be the hypothetical tachyon’s quantum boom? That form when tachyon releases its energy and slows its speed? 

Black holes are star remnants that are so dense and heavy that even photons cannot escape inside the point called the event horizon. The event horizon is the point where escape velocity reaches the speed of light. That means the black hole pulls photons inside that point. That means black holes should not send even gravitational waves. So when we think about the black hole’s shape, there is one very interesting explanation for the reason why the black hole will not shrink even if it sends gravitational waves. 

The idea is that the black hole is the tensor, the object that connects the fourth and fifth dimensions to the three-dimensional space and time. In this model, a black hole transports energy and tachyons. Hypothetical faster-than-light particles. From the higher dimensions. Nothing in the three-dimensional universe can travel faster than light.

If tachyons really exist. They should send similar radiation as Cherenkov radiation. When a particle travels in a 3D universe. Or enter. In the 3D universe with a speed that is higher than the speed of light, it must follow the laws of physics. It must slow its speed to the speed that is the speed of light or below the speed of light. For that thing, the particle must deliver its extra energy. 

So, there must be some kind of energy flashes that tachyons form. The problem is that we cannot see tachyon itself. We can see the radiation ring that it leaves behind when it decreases its speed. So could photon be the quantum version of the tachyons' “sonic boom” that forms when that particle slows its speed and transforms to some other particle like Higgs Boson or Neutrino? 

Could tachyon explain dark energy? 

Above is the light cone. That thing can introduce. How the black hole focuses information from the future to the hypersurface of the present. And if we put the model of the arrow of time to that thing, we can create a model in which the black hole forms a channel that transports information from the future to the past. This is because of time dilation. 

This means a black hole also transports energy from a shortcut from the past to the future. If this model is true, the black hole is like a powerful incandescent lamp that shines dark energy. 

The past is at a higher energy level. And that means energy should travel from the past to the future. And maybe black holes can be the source of the dark energy, as well as tachyons. It’s possible that a black hole can send those hypothetical particles. 

Today, cosmological models suggest that the universe has four or five dimensions. The five dimensions mean that the time that travels forward is the fourth dimension. And the time that travels backward is the fifth dimension. And those things can explain many things. Like dark energy.

When escape velocity turns so strong that even light cannot escape. That means time travels backward in those objects. The model of the arrow of time means that. Some particles in the past can start to travel faster to the future. So, can that thing be the reason for the Big Bang? The black hole doesn’t create energy, as I just wrote. It just focuses energy. 

But the arrow of time means that near a black hole, particles can also experience an effect that we can call opposite time dilation. That means some particles can travel to the future faster. Or the arrow of time that transports particles to the past can cause effects that some particles travel to the future. 

Sonic boom above

It looks a little like a photon: below. 

So when that hypothetical tachyon comes out from the black hole, it sends a wave movement that is similar to the Cherenkov radiation. That is one way to think about the origin of dark energy. Cherenkov radiation forms when a high-energy particle, called a Neutrino, impacts water. A short moment that a particle travels faster than light travels in water. It sends a blue light shockwave. A neutrino detector can see that flash. 

Same way. Neutrons travel faster than light in a short moment. When they come out of a nuclear reactor. And that forms the blue light around the nuclear reactor. So, the tachyons should send. That kind of radiation. 

When a tachyon comes to the 3D universe, it releases its energy right away. And that means tachyon ends its existence as tachyon. The question is: could the photon be the ring, the denser point in the quantum field that the tachyon leaves behind it? This means that the photon could be the quantum version of the sealing ring. that supersonic aircraft leaves behind it when it travels through the air. 

Time dilation means. Time slows in particles when their speed approaches the speed of light. At the speed of light, time stops in a particle. And then in the cases where the escaping velocity turns higher than the speed of light. That turns time to move backward. 

If we think about the time arrow, or the arrow of time. Time travels backward in the black hole. The time arrow means that. When the particle moves forward. It sends energy to the particle that is near it. This energy impulse slows time in that another particle. When the energy impulse is strong enough, it sends another particle back in time. 

But one of the time dilation paradoxes is this. If time moves backward in some place, that forms the arrow of time. That moves things ahead in time very fast. That means a black hole could push particles straight into the future. 

So when we think about those hypothetical tachyons. Those particles would travel. Faster than the speed of light, before they deliver so much kinetic energy that their speed decreases to a speed that is the same, or lower than, the speed of light. If we think of the possibility. The particle travels faster than the speed of light. Even for a short period. It leaves a small channel or shortcut through time. And wave movement can travel through that channel from the past to the future. 

https://scitechdaily.com/hawking-was-right-new-data-confirms-black-holes-never-shrink/

https://www.space.com/tachyons-facts-about-particles

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_cone

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

Black holes never shrink.

“When two black holes collide and merge, they release gravitational waves. These waves can be detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detectors on Earth, allowing scientists to determine the mass and spin of the black holes. The clearest black hole merger signal yet, named GW250114, recorded by LIGO in January 2025, offers new insights into these mysterious cosmic giants. Credit: Maggie Chiang for Simons Foundation” (ScitechDaily, Hawking Was Right: New Data Confirms Black Holes Never Shrink)

A black hole loses its mass, not its size. 

Hawking was right. The merged black hole’s surface area is as large as the merged black hole's total surface area. That means back holes don’t shrink. So, black holes don’t shrink when they send gravitational waves. The reason for that is in the universe’s expansion. The quantum fields that press a black hole into its form turn weaker. So, if that model is true, the reason for gravitational waves is in the universe’s expansion. When quantum fields turn weaker, they allow a black hole to send gravitational waves. We can think of a black hole as an onion with multiple internal structures. 

Or, shells. And the most out of those shells is the event horizon. When the gravitational wave travels out from the black hole, it sends one of its shells outside the black hole. And then the inner shell takes that escaped shell’s position. So the black hole’s size will be the same, because the energy, or quantum field that presses the black hole in its form, turns weaker. This means black holes’ evaporation does not have an effect on the black hole’s size. When the quantum field around it turns weaker.

A black hole sends so much energy. It can keep its energy level relatively at the same level as it was when the black hole formed. But what does that mean? If the end of the universe is the so-called big rip or big freeze, that means that in the very end of the universe, black holes’ existence ends. They release information that they stored inside their event horizon. But if the end of the universe is the Big Crunch, that means that the black holes start to grow. The model goes like this. The expansion of the universe continues.

But because the universe turns colder, the energy level of visible and dark energy decreases. The universe also leaks. Energy and radiation will travel out from the universe faster than particles . This means that. Gravity starts to win. When the universe’s expansion ends, and it starts to fall, the energy level and density of its quantum fields start to rise. That effect starts to pack material. And energy to the black holes. This means the black holes can expand. Or their size will be the same.

But anyway. Black holes start to travel. To each other. And in the ultimate fate, all black holes that pulled all radiation into them fall into the same point. The reason why the large black hole exists longer than the small one is. Because its surface area is larger. The outside quantum fields can press that black hole from a larger area than a small black hole. The surface area of a large black hole is relatively smaller. Than small black holes. That means energy loss in large black holes is smaller than in small black holes. So, a small black hole is less energy efficient than a large black hole. This means that a large black hole can exist. In lower-density areas. Than the small ones. This model raises interesting questions. If the density of the quantum and plasma fields around the black hole turns higher. 

Does the black hole stop sending gravitational waves? This requires that quantum fields and particles fall into the black hole symmetrically. When a black hole sends its most out shell away, that pulls radiation longer. Or traveling shell wraps the quantum field shorter in front of the traveling shell. And then. The valley or traveling ditch. Travels behind that short wavelength structure. 

But if the material and energy density around a black hole suddenly rises, that thing can deny the escape of the outermost shell. This means that if a black hole suddenly impacts a nebula. Or energy density in the way. Those particles. And energy impacts symmetrically with it. So, if a black hole pulls a nebula or some quantum field around it in symmetrical form, that symmetrical energy load can push radiation back into the black hole. 

https://scitechdaily.com/hawking-was-right-new-data-confirms-black-holes-never-shrink/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-universe-will-end-in-a-big-crunch-physicists-warns/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

Photonic microchips are halfway to a quantum computer.

"While humans and classical computers must perform tensor operations step by step, light can do them all at once. Credit: Photonics group / Aalto University. "(ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Made AI at the Speed of Light a Reality)

"Researchers have demonstrated single-shot tensor computing at the speed of light, marking a remarkable step toward next-generation AGI hardware powered by optical rather than electronic computation. Tensor operations are a type of mathematical processing that underpins many modern technologies, especially artificial intelligence, but they go far beyond the basic math most people encounter. A useful comparison is the complex movements involved in rotating, slicing, or reorganizing a Rubik’s cube in several dimensions at once. Humans and traditional computers must break these steps into a sequence, while light can carry out all of them simultaneously." (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Made AI at the Speed of Light a Reality)

Photonic microchips offer speed-of-light computing. They are harder to disturb than electric microchips. However, there are many things. That researchers must solve. To make those chips a part of everyday use. The biggest challenge with photonic chips is transferring information between photonic and electrical states. Another problematic thing is the size of the photonic chips. Those photonic systems require complete knowledge. Of the photons and material interactions. In ideal cases, the magnetic fields and photon interactions are things. 

That can transmit data between magnetic systems and photonic computers. A magnetic microchip can be. Same way. As a big advance. As photonic chips are. Magnetic fields make microchips act. At lower temperatures than electric microchips.  The system can have three layers. Or, four, if the system has a quantum state. 

"Illustration showing photon emission from a nanodiamond and light directed by a bullseye antenna. Credit: SciTechDaily.com, inspired by Boaz Lubotzky" (ScitechDaily, Record-Breaking “Sparkle”: Scientists Unlock Diamond’s Quantum Potential)

1) The electric layer is the interface that inputs data that the user gives. 

2) A magnetic chip where the electricity will turn into a magnetic field. 

3) The photonic layer. The system will turn those magnetic fields into control photons. 

4) The fourth layer is reserved for a quantum computer. The photonic chip needs the optical gate to transform the photonic bit into a qubit. That layer exists only. If the system has a quantum layer or a quantum state. 

The wavelength of light is one thing. That puts limits. On photonic processors' miniaturization.  The processor or its components cannot be smaller than the wavelength of light. That travels in those components. The photonic processor can be halfway. To the table-sized or portable quantum computers. The problem is: how to control photons and electrons. And another problem is how to transfer data between optical and electronic systems. 

The second image could introduce the nano-sized diamond. It can act as a switch or gate. That can transform photonic information into a quantum mode. The diamond in the middle of the sensoric group delivers light and data to sensors. Those sensors are around it. This makes it possible to transform light, or a photonic data carrier, into the qubits. 

That system turns photons into the internal superpositioned structures. And that makes it possible to create the superposition when each layer of those internal photonic structures has one and zero states. As we know, a qubit is a superposition state of the structure. Each state can have values zero and one. The thing that makes the quantum computer different than a binary computer is this. The information is connected to a physical particle. Another thing is that. The quantum computer can drive each of its states as an independent binary computer. 

That means a quantum computer can act like many binary computers. Or it can share the complicated missions between each state of that system. The problem must be complex enough that the quantum computer can solve it faster than a binary computer. The reason for that is simple. The system requires superposition and entanglement between photons. This means that the quantum computer must have time to make those superpositions and entanglements. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-180-year-assumption-about-light-was-just-proven-wrong/

https://scitechdaily.com/record-breaking-sparkle-scientists-unlock-diamonds-quantum-potential/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-made-ai-at-the-speed-of-light-a-reality/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit

The genetically engineered viruses can help fight. Against cancer and other diseases.

"Researchers found a hidden signal that makes T cells shut down during cancer fights. Turning off this signal reawakens the cells and helps them attack tumors more effectively. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, Reviving Exhausted T Cells Sparks Powerful Cancer Tumor Elimination)

A vaccine is one of the applications of genetic engineering. The vaccine trains the immune system to search for and destroy harmful cells. But reprogramming the immune cells. Can give a possibility. To fight against things like cancer and Alzheimer. The problem with those things is this. The immune system will not, for some reason, recognize the plague and abnormal cells. If the immune system recognizes the plague that forms between neurons and cells that are turning into zombie cells, it can remove cancer cells and plague from the body before they can cause damage. 

One of the reasons why the T-cells don’t recognize those harmful things in the body is simple. Those cells are exhausted. The T-cell is the thing that marks tissue for destruction, and one way to boost that effect is to revive those exhausted cells. Another version would be to program the cancer cell or bacteria to produce antigens that can call macrophages to destroy them. This thing can transform entire chemotherapy. 

The mechanism that revives exhausted T-cells can be based on nanotechnology, where certain nutrients are equipped with a carrier antigen. That carrier antigen can transfer nutrients precisely to the T-cells. Or in another version, the nanotechnical nutrients can also cause mitochondria to divide in the T-cell. That increases their energy production. The genetically engineered viruses can also teach or program those T-cells to locate the plaques that form in Alzheimer’s. 

"Antibiotic resistance is one of the most pressing challenges to global public health as harmful microbes evolve to evade these medications." (Phys.org, 'Trained' bacteriophages expand treatment options for antibiotic-resistant infections")

Trained or reprogrammed bacteriophages can boost. Antibiotic-resistant infection treatment. 

When researchers manipulate the virus DNA. Or RNA, they train viruses. Trained bacteriophages can replace antibiotics in many diseases. Or actually, trained viruses. Can have unlimited abilities in biotechnology and genetic engineering. The idea of using genetically engineered viruses. Destroying unwanted cells is not new. In the early 1990s. In nature. Bacteriophage viruses kill bacteria. Those viruses are specialized to infect bacteria. This makes those viruses interesting. They can be used to destroy dangerous bacteria. The virus therapy means that an artificial virus carries the wanted genome to the cells that the researcher wants to transform. 

The viruses can transform one cell into another. And that can be used to create artificial neurons.  Those neurons can be used in some medical tests. But it's possible to use viruses to transform things like muscle cells into neurons. The virus must only remove the original DNA from the cell. And then inject the new DNA into those cells. Artificial neurons can be used to restore neural damage. 

The feared HIV viruses are one version of bacteriophages. Those viruses can infect immune cells. 

There were some ideas to use engineered HIV viruses to destroy leukemia cells. The genetic engineering was not very advanced at that time. But modern nanotechnology. With the high-power microscopes and artificial intelligence. Make it possible to create viruses. That attack precisely targeted cells. 

The genetically engineered viruses can also reprogram cells. They can order cells to destroy their own DNA. And then replace it. By using the DNA that is stored in those viruses. The fact is that the nanomachines can also carry the artificial DNA. Into wanted cells. And that thing can make it possible. To transform cancer cells into normal cells, or make them produce the cancer-killing viruses. The cancer-killing virus can simply order those cells to make suicide. 

The virus must only carry the genetic code that orders those cells to shut down their energy production. Or it can make the cell organelles. Produce some acid that breaks the cell’s shell or its internal structures. The artificial viruses can also transform cells into another. That means those viruses can turn bacteria against each other. Or they can transform the bacteria into an immune cell. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-bacteriophages-treatment-options-antibiotic-resistant.html

https://scitechdaily.com/reviving-exhausted-t-cells-sparks-powerful-cancer-tumor-elimination/

The new results of Muon g-2 experiments still cause discussions.

“The final (world average) result for the muon's anomalous magnetic moment after a series of experiments at major laboratories. Credit: Physics magazine, American Physical Society” (Phys.org, Final experimental result for the muon still challenges theorists)

The final experiment of the muon experiment. Still challenges physics. The muon g-2 experiment. Still causes discussions. Those anomalies in the Muon trajectory exist. Those anomalies fit into the predicted limit. But they simultaneously continue. And that causes work for theorists. The Muon is a high-energy. And a smaller version of an electron. The anomaly is curvature in the muon trajectory means. That something. That researchers cannot detect. affect the muon itself. Or the magnetic field that controls muons in particle accelerators. This means that there should be something that we cannot predict. 

There is a possibility that: 

1)There is some kind of unknown force that affects muons' trajectory. Maybe that thing is the mythic fifth force. 

2) It’s possible that the particle accelerator that is the low-energy synchrotron creates some kind of mass effect in the middle of it. When a particle runs in the low-energy synchrotron, or ring-shaped accelerator, that thing packs energy in the middle of the ring. That energy can impact the particle. That is in the middle of the synchrotron, and that can form a similar form as some kind of neutron star form. 

The image above. Introduces how plasma field injects energy into black holes. The ring-shaped structures can always inject energy into particles or other objects. In the same way. We can imagine that the synchrotron is in the place of that dark belt. And it transfers energy into an object. That is in the middle of the synchrotron. 

But the energy level in those other reactions is lower. And the energy object, or mass effect, in the middle of the ring-shaped synchrotron could behave in a way that this thing supports the muon g-2 anomaly model. The object in the field doesn’t deliver its energy all the time. The energy level in the particle must rise so high. That. It's higher than in the environment. When the energy level in a particle turns high enough. It can deliver its energy from the equator. Normally, it will deliver energy only from the spin axle. 

“The g − 2 storage-ring magnet at Fermilab, which was originally designed for the Brookhaven g − 2 experiment. The geometry allows for a very uniform magnetic field to be established in the ring.” (Wikipedia, Muon g-2)

This means the energy that this particle delivers must break the magnetic fields in the accelerator. And that requires that the particle or object can store enough energy in it. In that model, the object delivers its energy from the equator. That which affects the muons' route in pulses. And those pulses can explain the curvature in the muon’s trajectory. 

The particle in the middle of the synchrotron can have more mass when it gets symmetrical energy loads. And then that particle, whose energy level rises. Can change the muon trajectory. When energy impulses hit that particle, it sends it from its poles. That effect is similar to relativistic jets. But it's on a much lower energy level.. That can cause an anomaly in the magnetic field. 

3) The muon can collide with dark matter. Those things are one of the things. That causes grey hair for researchers. 

The remarkable thing is that the muon g-2 anomaly happens in the low-energy synchrotrons. This means that it's possible that the accelerator form. Some kind of mass center in the middle of it. These kinds of mass centers can be seen. Only in the low-energy accelerators. In high-energy systems, the kinetic energy is in those particles. And their speed will be too high, and those mass centers will not be detected. Or, they cannot affect those particles in the way that those sensors can detect them. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-experimental-result-muon-theorists.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_g-2

Dark excitons allow the control of light on the nanoscale.

“Plasmonic heterostructure for dark exciton control. Credit: Jiamin Quan” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Make “Dark” Light States Shine, Unlocking New Quantum Tech)

“ Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are electromagnetic waves that travel along a metal–dielectric or metal–air interface. Practically, in the infrared or visible frequency. The term "surface plasmon polariton" explains that the wave involves both charge motion in the metal ("surface plasmon") and electromagnetic waves in the air or dielectric ("polariton")” (Wikipedia, Surface plasmon polariton)

“ Plasmonics or nanoplasmonics refers to the generation, detection, and manipulation of signals at optical frequencies along metal-dielectric interfaces on the nanometer scale. Inspired by photonics, plasmonics follows the trend of miniaturizing optical devices (see also nanophotonics), and finds applications in sensing, microscopy, optical communications, and bio-photonics.”(Wikipedia, plasmonics) 

Photonics means. The ability to control light on the nano- or quantum scale. The system can store information in single photons or nano-scale photon groups. The system can manipulate photons and turn them into curves. The system can use electron holes or excitons to trap the photon above the hole. Then the system can use that electron to inject data into the photon. Those energy impulses turn those photons into vertical or horizontal curves. 

An exciton is the quasiparticle where an electron starts to orbit its hole. The major problem is how to stabilize those excitons. And the answer can be in the systems called “plasmonic heterostructure”. 

“A plasmonic metamaterial is a metamaterial that uses surface plasmons to achieve optical properties not seen in nature. Plasmons are produced from the interaction of light with metal-dielectric materials. Under specific conditions, the incident light couples with the surface plasmons to create self-sustaining, propagating electromagnetic waves known as surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Once launched, the SPPs ripple along the metal-dielectric interface. Compared with the incident light, the SPPs can be much shorter in wavelength.” (ScitechDaily, Plasmonic metamaterial)

Above: Plasmonic structure. When another particle is below the wave. Another particle is above the wave. The wave that travels between those particles separates them from each other. 

There is a possibility of transmitting information in that system using the wave-particle interaction. In that case, the system must push the information through a wave that separates those particles. Another way would be to use particle-particle resonance interaction. The information can travel between particles. Or it can travel between waves and particles. Or just in waves. That is the reason why that thing can be used in quantum communication. 

"A plasmonic waveguide design to facilitate negative refraction in visible spectrum" (Wikipedia, Plasmonics)

"Frenkel exciton, bound electron-hole pair where the hole is localized at a position in the crystal represented by black dots" (Wikipedia, Exciton)

The plasmonic heterostructure means a composite. There are two material groups. The plasma around the material layer. Or the ionized structure. In the material itself.  

Can control those excitons. When an electron jumps out from its position. And leaves a hole behind it. The plasmonic field can make a whirl around that electron hole and deny the electron's return to that hole. Then the system can put a photon above that electron hole. 

“An exciton is a bound state of an electron and an electron hole which are attracted to each other by the electrostatic Coulomb force resulting from their opposite charges. It is an electrically neutral quasiparticle regarded as an elementary excitation primarily in condensed matter, such as insulators, semiconductors, some metals, and in some liquids. It transports energy without transporting net electric charge.” (Wikipedia, Exciton)

“A research group from the City University of New York and the University of Texas at Austin has developed a method to illuminate light states that were once undetectable, known as dark excitons, and to direct their emission with nanoscale precision. The results, reported today in Nature Photonics, point toward future technologies that could operate more quickly, take up less space, and use far less energy.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Make “Dark” Light States Shine, Unlocking New Quantum Tech)

“Dark excitons are unusual light-matter states found in extremely thin semiconductor materials. They normally escape detection because they release light only faintly. Despite this, they are considered valuable for quantum information science and next-generation photonics because they interact with light in distinctive ways, persist for long periods, and are less affected by environmental noise, which reduces decoherence.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Make “Dark” Light States Shine, Unlocking New Quantum Tech)

Dark excitons allow the creation of systems. Their information travels in the very weak light. If the system can use weak. Or “dark” light in data transmission, the environment covers that light. That makes it hard to detect. The problem is that. The sensor should detect that dark light. And this is why that light should be protected. 

An exciton is the quasiparticle where an electron starts to orbit its hole. The quasiparticle acts like a real particle in some situations. And that gives it the ability to control waves and photons. The exciton can control photons in two ways. The electron that orbits its hole. Can interact with those photons. So that electron hits a photon. And pushes it into a new direction. Another thing is to use the hole to control those photons. The electron hole is a lower energy point in the electromagnetic field. And that thing. It can also be used in photonic control. 

The electron hole can also act as a collector. If the system inputs energy into its edge. That quantum-size structure pulls. That energy into the middle of it. The energy forms a pike that could trap a photon around it. These kinds of phenomena can also be used in 2D materials that should withstand very high-energy impulses. Those holes can act as the quantum dots that can collect energy into them. And then the laser. Or some other beam can transport energy out from those holes. 

https://nanocomposix.com/pages/the-science-of-plasmonics

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-make-dark-light-states-shine-unlocking-new-quantum-tech/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmonics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmonic_metamaterial

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_plasmon_polariton

Turbulent bubbles and cosmological ideas.

"High-speed cameras capture swarms of bubbles rising through an LED-illuminated water column, revealing the chaotic flow patterns of bubble-induced turbulence. Credit: B. Schröder/HZDR" (ScitechDaily, Turbulent Bubbles Confirm a Century-Old Physics Theory)

"An international team of scientists from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Johns Hopkins University, and Duke University has found that a classic theory describing turbulence in fluids also explains how bubbles rising through water create chaotic motion. Their study, which tracked both bubbles and surrounding fluid particles in three dimensions, offers the first direct experimental confirmation that “Kolmogorov scaling” can appear in turbulence driven by bubbles. " (ScitechDaily, Turbulent Bubbles Confirm a Century-Old Physics Theory)

The new observations confirm a 100-year-old physics theory. When bubbles rise in the liquid, they form turbulence behind them. That thing is not very dramatic. But those bubbles that rise and form turbulence can play an unexpected role in things. Like amino acid molecule formation. That turbulence can shake the water or any other liquid. And that thing can destroy the molecule. In the same way, bubbles or ball-shaped things that fall in liquid can form turbulence between them. 

But can we turn that model into a cosmological idea? 

The turbulence behind those bubbles can create an interesting model about the dark energy. When we think that the matter or particle lose their energy when the universe expands, we can think that those particles act like some bubbles. There should be. Some kind of lower-energy space in particles. The particle acts like a bubble in the quantum fields. 

The outside quantum pressure keeps them in form. Without that outside quantum field that presses the superstring structure against that lower energy bubble, the particle turns into energy or wave movement. And its existence as a particle ends. 

So it’s possible. Those particles, when they release their energy. It will form the turbulence in those quantum fields. In modern models. The universe is a four- or five-dimensional space. And the time combination. There are three dimensions in space. And one or two dimensions in time. The number of time dimensions depends on. 

Are we separate time that moves forward from time that moves backward? In models, time moves backward only in the black holes, the places where escape velocity is higher than the speed of light. This means those fields. And space, and time act like water. Material with cosmic voids acts like bubbles. All of those particles and bubbles are moving somewhere. Because time moves forward. Or the energy level in the universe changes. All particles should form similar turbulence as bubbles form in water. In the universe’s quantum fields. 

https://scitechdaily.com/turbulent-bubbles-confirm-a-century-old-physics-theory/

Researchers are finally solving the mystery of cosmic rays.

"Cosmic rays are high-energy particles, primarily protons and atomic nuclei, that travel through space at nearly the speed of light and constantly bombard Earth from distant cosmic sources. Despite being discovered over a century ago, their origins have remained largely unknown. New research is bringing scientists closer to identifying where these powerful particles are born and how they gain such extreme energies. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, After Over 100 Years, Scientists Are Finally Closing In on the Origins of Cosmic Rays)

Every second, about 100 trillion neutrinos travel through the human body. Most of those neutrinos travel through the human body without touching anything. But there is a theoretical possibility that the neutrino interacts directly with a quark. And that thing can cause an energy impulse. Into liquid. Like neutrinos interact with water molecules in underwater and undersea telescopes. It can interact with water molecules. Anywhere else. We cannot detect that blue light shockwave.  If that impact doesn't happen in complete darkness. 

But that radiation can play. Some role in biological processes. When that impact happens. It sends an energy impulse, which we see as a blue light flash to its environment. Even if that effect is minimal. The effect on things. Like DNA can be like drumming. One impact doesn’t mean a thing. But when. Those impacts happen again and again. That can have. Some kind of effect on the DNA. 

When a neutrino impacts water. It sends a blue light flash. We cannot detect that flash in a normal environment. The problem is that we cannot separate Cherenkov radiation that comes from neutrinos from other particles. Things like protons. And neutrons. And electrons. Could also form Cherenkov radiation when they hit the atmosphere. 

"X-ray image of the newly discovered pulsar wind nebular associated with an extreme Galactic cosmic ray source  the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory, LHAASO J0343+5254u, obtained by the XMM-Newton space telescope (DiKerby, Zhang, et al., ApJ, 983, 21). Credit: XMM-Newton space telescope" (ScitechDaily, After Over 100 Years, Scientists Are Finally Closing In on the Origins of Cosmic Rays)

That radiation. Called Cherenkov radiation, turns the sky blue.  As I just wrote. Also, other particles. Then just neutrinos form that blue light flash. That blue light forms when a particle increases its speed and delivers energy. Near nuclear reactors, most of the things that form Cherenkov radiation are neutrons. Neutron involves three quarks, one up and two down quarks. 

When a neutron hits the water at a speed that is higher than the speed of light in water. Neutron’s structure will turn flatter. In that process. It is possible. That is the quark structure in a neutron that can spin around. The structure turns around like a swing. And the up quark sends an energy wave forward. We see that energy as a photon. 

Cosmic rays, or high-energy particles of unknown origin, have been known for over 100 years. Those high-energy particles cause problems with satellites, especially for long-term space flight. The source of the cosmic rays is in natural particle accelerators called PeVatrons. PeVatron-accelerators are supernovae and star remnants that can accelerate particles to speeds. Those are impossible to reach in human-made accelerators. Those particles travel at a speed that is at least 90% of the speed of light. 

Maybe. Those particles follow the spiralic trajectory around some kind of string-shaped energy beam. The primary question in cases like cosmic rays is. How can those particles keep their energy level so high, even if they traveled across the universe from some distant quasars? Why the neutrino will not deliver its energy. That it got from its distant origin. There must be many sources. In and outside our galaxy for those particles. That means. Very high energy objects. Like black holes’ relativistic jets and supernova explosions can press some other particles into neutrinos. At least some of those cosmic radiation particles deliver their energy when they impact a medium or a potential wall. We see that energy as a blue light shockwave. On Earth, neutrinos form in nuclear reactors. 

“Cherenkov radiation glowing in the core of the Advanced Test Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory” (Wikipedia,Cherenkov Radiation)

The supernova SN-1987A was one of the first cases when telescopes detected neutrino bursts. Those bursts are not directly connected with the SN-1987A. But they happened. At the same time as that event. 

But we know that some of those neutrinos travel from quasars. And that raises the question of why those neutrinos are not delivering their energy. One of the First times. When researchers noticed that neutrinos can travel from another galaxy. It was case SN-1987A. That event happened. In the Large Magellanic Cloud. A blue supergiant collapsed and formed that supernova. That supernova  sends neutrinos. That we can see on Earth. Those neutrinos traveled 163,000 light-years to Earth. And their energy level was incredibly high. That causes a thought that could be the shockwave of supernovas. It can somehow turn particles into neutrinos. But the major question is still. Why don’t they deliver their energy? Or if they delivered what was their original energy level? The SN-1987A was a so-called core-collapse supernova that formed a neutron star. 

“SN 1987A appears to be a core-collapse supernova, which should result in a neutron star given the size of the original star. The neutrino data indicate that a compact object did form at the star's core, and astronomers immediately began searching for the collapsed core. The Hubble Space Telescope took images of the supernova regularly from August 1990 without a clear detection of a neutron star.” (Wikipedia,SN 1987A) 

That means it's possible that the blue supergiant was bigger than calculated. It’s possible that it turns into a black hole. The neutrino bursts can be connected to the death throes of that supergiant. Before it collapsed, the star was pulsating very strongly. In that process, the temperature and density in the star’s core rose. That started new fusion reactions. But finally. The fusion material can deliver more energy than it uses. And at that tipping point, the energy production from the star’s core cannot stop its collapse. 

"Figure 1. Distribution of the ultra-high-energy gamma rays (yellow points) detected by the Tibet ASγ experiment in the galactic coordinate system. They are obviously concentrated along the galactic disk. The gray shaded area indicates what is outside of the field of view. The background color shows atomic hydrogen distribution in the galactic coordinates. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily, Surprising Evidence for PeVatrons, the Milky Way’s Most Powerful Particle Accelerators)

Wikipedia tells us this about those neutrinos. 

“Approximately two to three hours before the visible light from SN 1987A reached Earth, a burst of neutrinos was observed at three neutrino observatories. This was likely due to neutrino emission, which occurs simultaneously with core collapse, but before visible light is emitted as the shock wave reaches the stellar surface. At 7:35 UT, 12 antineutrinos were detected by Kamiokande II, 8 by IMB, and 5 by Baksan in a burst lasting less than 13 seconds. Approximately three hours earlier, the Mont Blanc liquid scintillator detected a five-neutrino burst, but this is generally believed not to be associated with SN 1987A.” (Wikipedia,SN 1987A)

“The Kamiokande II detection, which at 12 neutrinos had the largest sample population, showed the neutrinos arriving in two distinct pulses. The first pulse at 07:35:35 comprised 9 neutrinos over a period of 1.915 seconds. A second pulse of three neutrinos arrived during a 3.220-second interval from 9.219 to 12.439 seconds after the beginning of the first pulse.” (Wikipedia,SN 1987A)

“Although only 25 neutrinos were detected during the event, it was a significant increase from the previously observed background level. This was the first time neutrinos known to be emitted from a supernova had been observed directly, which marked the beginning of neutrino astronomy. The observations were consistent with theoretical supernova models in which 99% of the energy of the collapse is radiated away in the form of neutrinos. The observations are also consistent with the models' estimates of a total neutrino count of 1058 with a total energy of 1046 joules, i.e., a mean value of some dozens of MeV per neutrino. Billions of neutrinos pass through a square centimeter on Earth. (Wikipedia,SN 1987A)

“The neutrino measurements allowed upper bounds on neutrino mass and charge, as well as the number of flavors of neutrinos and other properties.] For example, the data show that the rest mass of the electron neutrino is < 16 eV/c2 at 95% confidence, which is 30,000 times smaller than the mass of an electron. The data suggest that the total number of neutrino flavors is at most 8, but other observations and experiments give tighter estimates. Many of these results have since been confirmed or tightened by other neutrino experiments, such as more careful analysis of solar neutrinos and atmospheric neutrinos, as well as experiments with artificial neutrino sources” (Wikipedia,SN 1987A)

https://scitechdaily.com/after-over-100-years-scientists-are-finally-closing-in-on-the-origins-of-cosmic-rays/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_Magellanic_Cloud

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SN_1987A

A small particle with big possibilities.

“A new global study uncovers surprising behavior in the universe’s most elusive particles, hinting at answers to why anything exists at all. Credit: Stock” (ScitechDaily, This Strange Particle May Hold Clues to the Universe’s Biggest Secrets)

A neutrino is a small, weakly interacting particle. Neutrino is one of the Fermions. Or, sharper saying, leptons, like electrons, muons, and tau particles, are. That particle can carry information from the Big Bang or black holes. Neutrinos can also scan or tunnel through ultra-dense materials. And that means they can uncover secrets of planets' cores and neutron stars. 

That particle that is hoped to uncover secrets of the universe. Neutrinos can transmit information from the beginning of the universe. But that requires. The neutrino will not hit any target. If a neutrino hits something. That causes a situation where the impact with other particles destroys information. The neutrino is a very similar particle to muons and other Fermions. That means Neutrino can be a very small particle that has a very large quantum field. And that quantum field allows the neutrino to tunnel through the matter. The neutrino interaction is possible. And those impacts happen sometimes. 

But the neutrino interaction is possible only in the cases where the neutrino interacts with another particle precisely when the neutrino’s core or the most dense point of that particle impacts the other particle. Otherways. Researchers can observe neutrinos in cases. When a neutrino impacts water in absolute darkness. In that case. The neutrino slows its speed. And. It sends a blue light flash. Called Cherenkov radiation. When a neutrino impacts water, it faces the situation where the speed of light slows in water. And in that moment. The neutrino slows its speed. When a neutrino impacts water. In a short moment, it travels faster than the speed of light in water. 

“Figure 1: Top: At high temperature, rubidium atoms decay radioactively through electron capture, releasing neutrinos incoherently. Bottom: At sufficiently low temperatures, the atoms form a Bose-Einstein condensate that could act as a “neutrino laser,” emitting a bright, coherent, directional beam of neutrinos.” (https://physics.aps.org/articles/v18/157)

And in that moment. A neutrino must release its energy, and we see that thing as the blue light shockwave. This is the reason why we see blue sky. Particles that hit the atmosphere slow their speed and send Cherenkov radiation. Neutrino is a particle that can have many possible uses. In quantum technology. But it's hard to control. Researchers at MIT published a paper. That handles neutrino lasers. The neutrino laser is a tool that uses neutrinos as a beam. Those systems can make it possible. To scan an atom’s internal structures or transport information through the walls. The neutrino-antineutrino annihilation can form radiation, which can tell about the internal structures of the material. 

There is some kind of suspicion that neutrinos. That impact in the underground. Sensors are forming in some kind of interaction in the atmosphere or underground. When a particle. Maybe another neutrino impacts a particle. In the atmosphere. or underground, it can send neutrinos on a journey to that sensor. We know that neutrino bursts are in those sensors. Have a connection with things like supernova explosions. The fact is that normal nuclear reactors also form neutrinos. It is also possible to create neutrinos in laboratories. 

But there are suspicions that some of the neutrinos. That we can detect form in so-called billiard ball impacts. There are some particles that interact with particles in the atmosphere. If those particles are real, there is something strange in the universe. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mit-physicists-propose-first-ever-neutrino-laser/

https://scitechdaily.com/this-strange-particle-may-hold-clues-to-the-universes-biggest-secrets/

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v18/157

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Can the mythical fifth force explain why dark matter is invisible?

"Researchers are testing whether dark matter obeys the same rules as visible matter or if a hidden force influences the unseen structure of the Universe. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Is Dark Matter Controlled by a Secret “Fifth Force”?)

There is a possibility. That's the dark matter strange form. That makes it invisible to our sensors is from the mythic fifth force. Today. The fifth force is a hypothetical interaction. The Muon g-2 anomaly in Fermilab and Brookhaven gave hope that this force could be true. Those anomalies were real. The thing. What caused those anomalies? It is a mystery. The anomaly is so weak. That it fits between the predicted values. So those results are contradictory. But it's possible that those results are a hint about the fifth force. 

It's also possible that dark matter is a source of dark energy. So, are dark energy and the fifth force the same thing? Nobody knows. 

The new measurements tell. There can be some other interactions between visible and dark matter. But those interactions are so weak. That they disappear under the glow of visible material. Mystic gamma-ray glow in the center of the Milky Way can form in cases when the supermassive black hole Sgr A* packs dark matter, or hypothetical dark matter particles, weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, in a small area. 

There, those particles can form. High-energy interaction. We can see that thing as the gamma-ray glow. That means dark matter can have similar interactions. As visible matter. But those particles are somehow different. That visible matter covers those dark matter interactions under it. It’s possible that WIMP is a very small high-energy particle. That we cannot detect. It’s possible that WIMP. And the graviton, the hypothetical gravitational transportation particle, is the same thing. But that is only one hypothesis. 

If dark matter doesn’t defy gravity, we must ask what makes that matter existent? That’s the gravity effect of that strange, unseen thing. There is a possibility. The dark matter is particles. Like some kind of quarks. Sometimes. It is theorized about. The possibility that dark matter particles, hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, are somehow similar to quarks.

But they have no ability. To form more complicated particle groups. Like hadrons. That means. There must be some kind of force that keeps those, still hypothetical particles, separated. The fact is that. If two similar particles have the same energy level. That forms a standing wave between them. And that pushes particles away from each other. 

There is a possibility that those particles send some kind of energy. which forms quantum-size electric arcs between them. That means WIMPs can explain the dark energy. So maybe dark energy form. When those hypothetical WIMP particles send energy when they impact each other. Or maybe the cases where WIMP turns into wave movement are the thing. That releases the energy that it stored. And maybe, we see that energy as dark energy. 

If the WIMP is a particle that is surrounded by a so-called standing wave that makes it is unable to reflect radiation. In some theories. That WIMP is a quantum-sized black hole. And energy slides into its spin axle. The WIMP condenses the energy fields and forms a thing that we can call dark energy. 

Above: The Fermilab results of the Muon g-2 anomaly in 2025. We can see that the results of the Muon magnetic field observations are minimally out of the range. That means Muon g-2 test results can be explained by the conditions of the test and measurement tools. But those anomalies still exist. 

But then we can ask what the fifth force is. Sometimes people say that the fifth force is the antigravity. There must be some kind of particle that transmits gravity waves. That hypothetical particle. Called graviton waits for its finder. Some theories claim that the graviton and WIMP are the same thing. And the thing that forms that particle is the quantum-sized black hole. The idea is that this particle can have a transition disk and a relativistic beam. like full-size black holes. 

Those things are so small that we cannot see them. There is the possibility that. Because those small black holes have a transition disk. That thing pushes them. Away from each other. There is a possibility that quantum gravity is not the same as full-size gravity. And in some models, dark energy is the antigravity, the energy that fills the gravity waves, or energy valleys between those waves. The fifth force could have its origin in the WIMPs that stored too much energy. 

"A mysterious gamma-ray light from the center of our galaxy may be the long-sought sign of dark matter. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, A Strange Glow in the Milky Way May Be Our First Glimpse of Dark Matter)

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The expansion of the universe means that if dark energy formed during the Big Bang, the expansion should make dark energy weaker. When the universe expands. And there is the same amount of dark energy. That means the dark energy should turn weaker, because it must fill a larger space. 

Another possibility is that the universe leaks. Dark energy is a wave movement that should travel at the speed of light. That means dark energy can travel out of the universe before particles. So if dark energy travels out from the universe, and there is no dark energy that comes from outside the universe. That means there is less dark energy left in the universe. 

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Maybe. One of the reasons for that is the expansion of the universe. But if we think that the universe’s expansion causes the dark energy to turn stronger. We face an interesting research. That research tells us that the universe’s expansion is slowing. That challenges the established theories that dark energy is stable. If dark energy formed in the Big Bang. That means it should advance. When the universe expands. 

The domination of the four known fundamental interactions changes. First, the strong nuclear force was dominating. Then the weak nuclear force. Electromagnetism. And then gravitation. Now dominating is a strange dark energy. When particle distances grow. There is more free energy between them. Dark energy is free energy that rips the universe. That’s the simple model. 

The complicated model is. Dark energy turns weaker. As well as. The other four interactions. In this mode. The universe leaks energy away from it. So, if dark energy travels out from the universe faster than it expands. Dark energy travels at the speed of light. And matter behind it travels slower. That means dark energy can exit the universe before any particle. That means dark energy should also turn weaker. 

The universe's expansion turns it larger. And if all dark energy is released from the Big Bang, that means the expansion of the universe should turn dark energy weaker, because there is a static amount of dark energy to fill a larger universe. So, even if dark energy does not escape from the universe before matter, that means dark energy turns weaker anyway. 

https://news.fnal.gov/2025/06/muon-g-2-most-precise-measurement-of-muon-magnetic-anomaly/

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-dark-defy-gravity.html

https://scitechdaily.com/a-strange-glow-in-the-milky-way-may-be-our-first-glimpse-of-dark-matter/

https://scitechdaily.com/is-dark-matter-controlled-by-a-secret-fifth-force/

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-einstein-was-only-half-right-nasas-new-test-for-dark-energy/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-universe-will-end-in-a-big-crunch-physicists-warns/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_force

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_g-2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_particle

The JWST detects building blocks of life from the Large Magellanic Cloud.

“Using JWST, researchers detected several complex carbon-based molecules in the ice around ST6, a developing star in the Large Magellanic Cloud.© NASA/ESA/CSA/JPL-Caltech/M. Sewiło et al. (2025)”

The JWST telescope found building blocks of life from another galaxy. That is one of the least surprising findings in the history of astronomy. This finding proved that chemical reactions are the same. In other galaxies. As they are in the Milky Way. The JWST telescope proved that our galaxy is one of billions of galaxies. Can we find life in other galaxies? This requires far more powerful systems than the JWST has. 

Life in other galaxies is possible, but it's hard to see. And even if we send a signal to another galaxy, and then that intelligent lifeform in the Andromeda Galaxy receives that signal. The signal spent about 2,5 million years in space. And that requires. That this hypothetical civilization is on a side of the Milky Way. If that civilization answers their signal.

Spends about 2,5 million years before it reaches the Milky Way. If we want to compare that time with Earth, the humans had not even existed when the light that we see left the Andromeda Galaxy. When the photon that we see from telescopes left. Homo Habilis was the most advanced pre-human. If we want to be realists. That hypothetical civilization requires the black hole energy level to create the signal that we could see. If we see that kind of signal, that means that civilization created radio 2,5 million years ago. 

But then. Black to those building blocks of life. And to hypothetical intergalactic travelers. 

The building blocks of life don’t mean that there is life. The civilizations in the other galaxies are interesting things. They might not have any effect on us. The distances in the universe are enormous. Theoretically. Is possible. That some lifeform can create a spacecraft. That stops time in them. Those spacecraft can travel extremely long distances. 

But their ability to stop time inside them. Bases in the spinning structure. The Tipler’s time machine. Or Tipler’s cylinder can transport an astronaut between galaxies. The problem is that this cylinder doesn’t remove cosmic speed limits. The time stops in a rapidly spinning cylinder. An outsider observer sees that the travel between two galaxies takes 2,5 million years. That means that. Only a civilization that wants to make that kind of trip could be a civilization. 

Whose home star detonated as a nova or supernova. If civilization. Sends the Tipler Cylinder on a journey. That would be a one-way trip. The crew will not meet their senders again. And if they return, evolution transformed their species. 

That locks energy into those particles that are inside them. If the space travelers make that kind of spacecraft, it’s possible. That they cannot ever come out of that craft. When the universe expands. The energy level in it decreases. That raises the difference between energy states inside and outside the spacecraft. And when a space traveller jumps out from that spacecraft, energy travels from that space traveller's body. 

When energy travels to the environment. That increases the level of free energy. And that means the space traveler who traveled across the universe in 2,5 million years could simply detonate if that astronaut jumps out from the spacecraft. 

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/entertainment/news/for-the-first-time-james-webb-telescope-detects-5-building-blocks-of-life-in-ice-outside-the-milky-way/ar-AA1PnR4W?ocid=BingNewsSerp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipler_cylinder

Dark matter may act like a superfluid.

Concept image of dark matter superfluid. (Interesting Engineering, Dark matter may flow like cosmic superfluid, forming vortex lines inside galaxies: Study)

Dark matter can flow like a superfluid. And this is one of the new ideas, about that matter and its existence. Dark matter refers to a mysterious gravitational effect that is present in many, but not all, galaxies. Dark matter is some kind of matter, but the problem is what its real shape is. Researchers think that dark matter particles, called weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, form dark matter. Because dark matter seems to be missing in some galaxies, that means dark matter should form structures like nebulae, just like visible matter. So, dark matter spread in the universe is not homogeneous. The gravitational interactions between dark and visible matter mean that the dark matter could form black holes. 

That means dark matter should have some kind of particle form. But nobody knows what that particle really is. It’s possible that dark matter is some kind of quasiparticle nebula, like the so-called stable exciton. Another version is that dark matter particles can spin in a way. Which makes quantum fields. To slide past it. That means the particle itself cannot give reflection. There are multiple models that this matter could be. In some theories, the fast-spinning superstrings. Extremely thin energy fields can roll quantum fields in that structure. If the ends of those energy fields are in a lower energy state, that causes a situation where the superstring transports energy from its ends. 

A render of the Cherenkov Telescope Array. (Interesting Engineering, Mysterious glow from Milky Way’s center could prove dark matter exists)

Could WIMP be some very small, high-energy particle that can tunnel through other particles? The idea is this: WIMP could be a very small particle. That collects energy in the middle of it. Then that energy travels out from the WIMP. From its spin axis. If the WIMP turns its spin axis to another particle, that energy flow acts like a drill. That thing could make the WIMP tunnel through other particles. 

That means we cannot see that superstring from the middle of it, if it can transport all energy into its ends. The only known interaction between dark matter and visible matter is gravity. There is a possibility that dark matter has some other interactions. But those interactions are so weak. Things like electromagnetism cover them below it. In those models, WIMPs are so small particles. That they cause interaction. In the smallest subatomic particles. Those interactions vanish. Under the electromagnetic radiation. There is also a possibility that the WIMP is some kind of boson. 

The WIMP could be a high-energy particle. Or it can act like some neutrino. In that model is possible that the WIMP can tunnel through other particles. In some models, the WIMP is a particle. That's hovering in some kind of quantum field. The quantum field can be. A standing wave around the particle. In that case. It is possible. The particle can turn its spin axis to the object, which can be another particle. If WIMP is a very small, fast-spinning particle. It can conduct energy into the middle of it. And then transmit that energy out from its spin axis. That energy that travels out from the particle acts like a drill. 

That causes a situation where the particle transmits extra energy. The mystery gamma-ray glow can mean that the dark matter density is higher near the supermassive  black holes like Sgr* A. Black hole packs dark matter around it and that makes WIMPs interacting more often than usually. That can cause the mysterious gamma-ray glow near the center of the galaxy. 

And this thing can cause an effect. The dark matter particle just tunnels itself. Through the much larger particle. This means that the dark matter particle, still a hypothetical WIMP, can act. Like some kind of “mini neutrino”. If the dark matter is some kind of static quasiparticle, that opens new visions to things like quantum technology. In some models, the superposition and quantum entanglement are formed in the exciton. An exciton is the case where an electron jumps out from its position. And orbits its holes. Or it allows researchers to accomplish the quantum models. 

https://interestingengineering.com/space/dark-matter-behaves-like-superfluid

https://interestingengineering.com/space/milky-ways-glow-linked-to-dark-matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton