Why is the sky blue? From a Newton's apple to a large Hadron collider.

"Research has demonstrated that peptides, crucial organic compounds, can form on cosmic dust particles even in the presence of water. This challenges previous beliefs and suggests that the formation of life’s building blocks in space is feasible, despite the conditions. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Interstellar Peptides Point to Extraterrestrial Origin of Life’s Building Blocks) Supernova and kilonova explosions are the most violent cases in the universe. The power of that shockwave can form new elements. But when a shockwave traveled long enough in the universe. Its power decreased. When that shockwave impacts the interplanetary nebula there is oxygen and hydrogen that shockwave can push those atoms together, forming water molecules.  Nuclear reactions form oxygen, and there is oxygen in the old star's atmosphere. We can say that all stars have Oort clouds. Oort clouds are distant very cold asteroids that stars can capture around them from interstellar space.

"An international team has identified the heaviest black hole in our galaxy, with a mass 33 times that of the sun, using data from the Gaia spacecraft. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Einstein’s Legacy Proven Again With Monumental Black Hole Discovery) The largest stellar known black hole in the Milky Way is 33 times heavier than the sun. That monster's location is in the binary star system 1500 light years from Earth. The black hole's existence in a binary star system can explained because of the black hole's massive and very large gravity field. That pulls other stars into the black hole. In the same way, the gravity interactions between two stars can pull them together. That causes a situation in which members of the binary star system can be of different ages.  The stars can be impacted if gravity wins the electromagnetic and particle pressure. In a normal star system, the particle flow from those stars pushes them out. And the gra

Image Wikipedia/Qubit "Bloch sphere representation of a qubit. The probability amplitudes for the superposition state, are given by and Calculating qubits is not  harder ,  than calculating a ball's size in a coordinate system with billions of axles.  AI is a powerful tool, as we noticed many times. The AI is a tool that can create a new way to control  data in the systems . That means the AI can play quantum computer. The AI-based operating systems can make it possible for the networked  neurocomputer,  to act like a quantum computer. In that neuro system, each binary computer is one state of the virtual qubit. The AI can handle complicated imaginal equations that the system needs to handle qubits in quantum computers.  The difference between binary and quantum computers and the math behind those things is that  in binary  computers  the "regular mathematics" is needed to control the memory.  We can think of the computer's memory as squares. And the system reser

"UC Irvine researchers have discovered that crucial brain waves for deep sleep, previously believed to be generated only by a specific brain circuit, also originate from the hippocampus, offering new insights into memory processing during sleep." (ScitechDaily, Researchers Discover New Origin of Deep Brain Waves) Researchers found the origin of the deep brain waves. That thing is in the special brain circuit in the hippocampus. Those deep brain waves are crucial for the brain. So they can fall into deep sleep. The brain needs also deep sleep because it helps to fill neurotransmitter storages. There can also be some kind of dreams in deep sleep period. But in that case, the memory is completely turned off.  That's a sad thing because while a person sleeps, the brain is in the most productive mode and the problem is how to turn that productivity into the thing that benefits society and individuals. The brain-computer interface can make images that researchers can see on a c

When the universe expands distance of particles and objects turns bigger. That makes the gravity effect weaker. Dark energy is the thing that affects the universe and increases its expansion speed.  But now researchers found that dark energy turns weaker all the time. That opens the door to the thing called: the Big Crunch. In that case, all material returns to the point, where the Big Bang happened.  Could the dark energy be some kind of Cherenkov radiation?  The problem is that if the dark energy origin is in the material or dark matter particles or Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) distances also turn longer when the universe expands. That means the density of dark energy turns lower and lower. Dark energy is a thing whose origin is unknown. WIMP may be the tachyon the hypothetical faster-than-light particle.  The speed of light is quite easy to cross. The speed of light in air is higher than the speed of light in water.  When a particle travels in the atmosphere with the

"MIT researchers have discovered that neutrons can bind to quantum dots using the strong force, a finding that opens new possibilities for probing material properties at the quantum level and advancing quantum information processing. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, “Neutronic Molecules” – Neutrons Meet Quantum Dots in Groundbreaking MIT Discovery) MIT's groundbreaking research connected neutrons with quantum dots. And that allowed researchers to connect neutrons in the entirety than ever seen before on Earth. Neutron crystals or neutronic molecules are the newest things created in the quantum- and nanoworld.  Researchers have known that neutrons can connected. Because. They have N and S poles. The practical solution was not as easy to make as the theoretical model. The neutron crystals allow to creation of lasers that operate in neutron radiation frequency.  The first molecules do not seem very impressive. But they prove that researchers can connect neutrons. Res

"On average, sunlight takes 8 minutes and 17 seconds to travel from the Sun to Earth. The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to 299,792,458 metres per second (approximately 300,000 kilometres per second; 186,000 miles per second; 671 million miles per hour" (Wikipedia, speed of light) "Speed of light in a vacuum and air = 300 million m/s or 273,400 mph. Speed of light in water = 226 million m/s or 205,600 mph. Speed of light in glass = 200 million m/s or 182,300 mph." (https://countspeed.com/speed-of-light-in-water/) The speed of light is cosmic constant. But the speed of light is not the same all the time. Outside the atmosphere speed of light is higher than in water. Outside the universe, the speed of light is higher than the speed of light in the universe.  The speed of light is the speed of photons. So that's why we should say that a photon's speed depends on the environment. And that caus

"Image depicting the control of polariton particles using electric-field tip-enhanced strong coupling spectroscopy. Credit: POSTECH" (ScitechDaily, Light-Matter Particle Breakthrough Could Change Displays Forever). The system can use the same method to create qubits.  Light-particle interaction that can change displays forever can also make it possible to unlock a new way to create qubits. The system can make it possible to trap things like electrons between two layers. And then. The system can create the quantum entanglement between those electrons or maybe even atoms.  The superposition between atoms is possible if the system can make a very accurate superposition between those atom's quantum fields. Or the system must just descramble information that it transports between atoms.  In this image, you can see the energy hills and the system can make quantum entanglement between those hills.  Holographic displays. That creates hovering holograms over them those holograms c

"The Kerr-enhanced optical spring method enhances gravitational wave detection, offering new insights into cosmic phenomena and neutron star structures. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Universe: Kerr-Enhanced Optical Springs for Next-Gen Gravitational Wave Detectors) The next-generation gravity wave detectors can be more sensitive and compact than ever imagined. In some scenarios, the nano-size mirrors with as high a reflection as possible can create an optical structure. Where the laser ray's length is thousands of kilometers. This thing is quite hard to make.  If researchers create that structure using mirrors that reflect 100%. The system can detect the brightness of laser rays. And when the gravity wave hits those laser rays, it changes their brightness.  But the other thing is what if researchers can stretch light? In stretching light the length of the light surface is big. And that makes it possible to create a system. That can detect gravity

"An international research team is advancing precision timekeeping by developing a nuclear clock using thorium isotopes and innovative laser methods, potentially transforming our understanding of physical constants and dark matter. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Unveiling the Thorium Nuclear Clock and Its Time-Twisting Secrets) From Three-body problem... There are no pure three-body systems in nature. There are always more than three components in the system. For making real three-body systems we must separate those three bodies from the environment. Otherwise, there are stable effects. But nobody can predict some effects like distant supernova explosions or sun eruptions.  And one of those things that affect all bodies is time. When radioactive materials decay. That affects the stability and symmetry of the object.  Energy levels affect the existence of things like neutrons. The thorium atom clocks are next-generation tools for time measurement.

"Two different powered, polarized lasers combine in the process of High Harmonic Generation. CreditSteven Burrows/Becker Group" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Light’s “Goldilocks” Zone: Perfecting Elliptical Polarization) Researchers can use elliptical light polarization to observe ultra-fast electron dynamics. It can used to create the hollow light that protects some structures against outside outcoming non-controlled effects. Researchers created a "new method to produce extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray light with elliptical polarization, a special shape in which the direction of light waves’ oscillation is changing. This method could provide experimentalists with a simple technique to generate such light, which is beneficial for physicists to further understand the interactions between electrons in materials on the quantum level, paving the way for designing better electronic devices such as circuit boards, solar panels, and more." (ScitechDaily, Quantum Light’s “Goldi