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Researchers found how HIV cheats the immune system.

 

"The artist’s impression shows how the HIV capsid penetrates the jelly-like permeability barrier of a nuclear pore. To smuggle its genome through this defense line into the cell nucleus, it has evolved into a molecular transporter. Credit: Johannes Pauly / Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences" (ScitechDaily, The Invisible Assault: New Research Reveals How HIV Outsmarts Cellular Security)


The thing how HIV takes entire cells into control is been a mystery. The researchers found the answer. The virus' genetic material is packed in the ball, or pore there are thousands of proteins. HIV uses that thing to cheat the cell and transport its DNA to the nucleus. 

Another way would be that HIV takes some cell organelles under control by sending the RNA to that organelle. That thing allows the virus to order cell organelles to produce new viruses. But in this method, the HIV starts to take the entire cell under control. 

And the thing how that virus makes this thing is interesting. HIV just transforms the mechanism. That is created for the cell's protection to carry its DNA into the nucleus. Normally. The mechanism where the cell uses a carrier involves lots of proteins. And that protects it against viruses. That key is not very easy to capture. 

The pore there is thousands of proteins means that HIV has a master key that fits into the T-cell keyhole. Normally when a virus infects cells, it sends marks that it's infected. And that thing calls the T-cells to mark it. But when the T-cell itself is infected. There is no mark. That makes it call other cells to destroy it. 

That causes a situation in which the T-cell starts to produce HIV viruses. The pore that involves the T-cell detection proteins makes those cells helpless against HIV. First, the infection travels in T-cells. The role of the T-cells is that they mark infected cells. But the problem is that the infected T-cell can't mark itself. 

The reason for researchers are interested in this mechanism is simple. They need it to create vaccines. But the other thing is that researchers want to use this thing as the system, which makes HIV cheat cells is that they want to use it in biotechnology. This system gives the ultimate ability to transport genetic material into the cells. The ability to cheat the DNA makes it possible to give gene therapy using only injections that are as easy as vaccines. 

It can also make it possible to increase the effectiveness of gene therapy. The system can inject pores there is DNA into the human body. There the DNA makes infected cells create new viruses. And that gives the possibility to give extensive gene therapy. 



https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-01-hiv-cell-center-kickstart-infection.htm


https://phys.org/news/2024-01-hiv-smuggles-genetic-material-cell.html


https://scitechdaily.com/the-invisible-assault-new-research-reveals-how-hiv-outsmarts-cellular-security/


https://scitechdaily.com/unlocking-hivs-stealth-entry-study-reveals-how-it-breaches-the-nucleus/


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