Natural particle accelerators can form X-ray flares and new superheavy elements.
Solar wind shockwaves ahead of objects can form X-ray bursts. Also if they have no magnetic fields.
This is writing about X-ray flares and high energy impacts that form new heavy elements in kilonova explosions. But let's begin with X-ray flares and shockwaves. The high-energy solar wind that impacts with iron asteroids can form X-ray flares. The X-ray flares can form near the planet's magnetic poles when the magnetic field makes ions impact near those poles. But also particles without magnetic fields can create X-ray flares.
If we think about planets that have weak magnetic fields or that are without magnetic fields can have flares or auroras. If objects are close enough to their central stars the solar wind forms a shockwave to the front of them. That shockwave packs particles in it. And then the solar wind impacts those particles they send X-and other high energy radiation impulses.
Another source of those high-energy impulses can be particles that impact the surface of the object. That means those high-energy radiation impulses or X-ray flares can form also when some asteroids are very close to their star. The solar wind that impacts small rocks raises their temperature to a very high level. And if those stones have lots of iron, that can make them act like cathode elements in X-ray tubes.
"Astronomers using NASA’s JWST and other telescopes have detected a bright gamma-ray burst from a neutron star collision, leading to the first direct observation of heavy metals like tellurium in space. This discovery sheds light on the origins of heavy elements in the universe." (ScitechDaily.com/Cosmic Forges: Exploring a Heavy-Metal Factory 900 Million Light Years Away)
Kilonovas can create heavy elements.
Heavy particle factories a million light-years away open the road to fusion that creates new superheavy elements. This kind of fusion doesn't create energy. But it can be used in elementary research. The production of superheavy isotopes and elements makes it possible to create lightweight, very small nuclear reactors.
In kilonova explosions or neutron star collisions, the impact forms high-energy shockwaves. Those shockwaves smash particles together. And theoretically, kilonovas can produce gold straight from hydrogen just driving those particles together. That requires lots of energy.
The merging neutron stars form heavy elements like tellurium, gold, and uranium. The ultra-bright light flash pushes particles together. And that shockwave forms also the heaviest known elements like uranium. The light-accelerating particles can be used to create super-heavy elements in fusion systems. That purpose is to create new elements. That is much heavier than uranium. Those synthetic elements are made in particle accelerators. And probably kilonovas can create those elements.
Uranium is the heaviest known natural element that can exist in normal planets. It's possible that merging neutron stars or kilonovas happen near some planet. Where is uranium can push those uranium atoms together? That hypothetical element exists only short moment. And detecting those elements is hard.
Another thing is that neutron stars are very old things. So it's not likely that its planet has uranium or any other radioactive elements left. But neutron stars can steal planets from other stars. And when a kilonova explosion happens that flash can form superheavy elements. Also, things like lead and gold can merge. That kind of fusion does not produce energy. But the fusion can create new elements that help us to understand the universe.
Laser rays can be used to accelerate neutrons together. Researchers can use that kind of photon-accelerated neutrons to create miniature kilonovas. If the accelerator can turn neutrons' north and south poles against each other that makes it easier to make them impact together.
The miniature kilonovas or impacting neutrons can be used for that material research. The neutrons can driven together in special neutron collidators. The idea is that the magnetic system turns neutrons north poles against the south poles. And that thing makes it possible to accelerate and impact neutrons. But the problem is how to take and control neutrons.
Neutrons are easy to produce in nuclear reactors, and then magnetic fields and laser rays can turn them in the wanted directions. It's possible. That laser rays alone can trap neutrons in the wanted position and then laser rays or high-energy photons can drive those neutrons together. That thing allows to creation of new types of accelerators that can create miniature kilonovas.
https://scitechdaily.com/bepicolombos-first-mercury-flyby-unmasks-electron-rain-as-trigger-for-x-ray-auroras/
https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-forges-exploring-a-heavy-metal-factory-900-million-light-years-away/
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