Superconducting materials are important things in computing. The superconducting nanowires allow transporting data without losing its form. Superconduction makes it possible to create small mass memories and hard disks. The superconducting hard disks are only metal wires whose atoms are in the low energy level. That removes oscillation from the structure. And then this metal wire can store information in its original form.
Superconductivity is one of the most promising things in nanotechnical microchips. The reason why nontechnical microchips require superconductivity is simple. Those extremely small components require very low voltages or electricity jumps over routers. Superconductivity is the thing that keeps data in its form while it travels in an extremely thin cable. The origin of superconductivity research is in the photoelectric phenomenon.
"In this illustration of the superconducting material Eu-1144, the blue and magenta wave shown above the crystal lattice represents how the energy level of the electron pairs (yellow spheres) spatially modulates as these electrons move through the crystal. Credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily/Superconductivity Breakthrough: First Direct Visualization of a Zero-Field Pair Density Wave)
When a light impulse hits the silicon layer that releases electrons from those atoms. And that makes things like photovoltaic cells and solar panels possible. The reason why the photoelectric phenomenon happens in pure silicon is that silicon is tighter than iron. Because silicon atoms are close to each other the released electron or wave movement from the atom stressed with photons pushes the electron out from its trajectory.
In silicon is no free space where energy or wave movement cannot go. The free space between atoms causes standing waves in the material. When electron or wave movement travels between atoms they must cross the standing wave. Also, the oscillation of atoms sends wave movement that resists information (electron or wave movement). That thing is resistance.
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The requirement for superconductivity is this. The distance between atoms must be minimum. And the other thing is this. The system must remove the oscillation of those atoms.
The most common way to make superconduction is simply to decrease temperature. Another thing is that the atoms are locked on a layer by using pressure or electromagnetic fields. Those systems are suitable for 2D materials. The 2D structure is easy to lock on the layer created by carbonite glass or some ultra-tight and ultra-slight layer.
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A traditional superconducting system decreases the wire's temperature. That process minimizes free space between those wire's atoms. The extremely low energy level causes a situation. That those atoms cannot oscillate as in warmer systems. When atoms oscillate. They send wave movement that will superconduct we must realize that the material must be very tight.
Free space between atoms is the thing that makes superconducting impossible. If atoms when some kind of stress impacts those atoms or their electron shell the energy travels across that system. The interaction between electrons in the superconducting wires looks like a series of metal balls. The atoms are close enough to each other that energy travels through quantum fields in superconducting materials. That denies resistance. Otherwise saying: the closer the atoms are to each other, the lower the resistance.
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