Everything is relative, even in gravitation.
The particle's speed can be measured as relative speed to its layer. If the ball is on the table that is in a stable position the speed of that system is zero. If the table starts to travel, let's say about 10km/h, but the ball is standing in a stable position. The relative speed between the ball and the table is zero.
We can think that all particles travel over some layer. The cosmic speed limit is determined as the relation between the particle's speed and the speed of that layer. When that layer starts to move in some direction, the speed of light increases at the same speed as the layer moves.
We can use simple numbers as an example of how the layer's speed affects to maximum speed that a particle can reach. If the speed of the particle is 1000m/s and the layer's speed is 100m/s that raises the particle's speed to the 1100m/s. The speed of the particle is relative to the speed of the layer. So if the speed of the layer is zero, and the particle's speed is 1000m/s. Then we can raise the speed of layer to the 100m/s.
That raises the speed of the entirety to 1100m/s. However, the relative difference between the speed of the particle and layer is the same. So to cross the speed of light the particle must be only in the tank that travels 70% of the speed of light. Then the system must accelerate another particle that is in the tank to a speed that is 40% of the speed of light. That thing means that together that combination makes particles travel at 110% of the speed of light.
Sometimes people ask why in black hole particles can travel with a speed that is higher than the speed of light. In the black hole behind its event horizon where escaping velocity reaches a speed of light, every particle travels at the same speed, and photon travels at the same speed as other particles.
The image shows how a gravitational field pulls quantum fields into the gravitational center.
The quantum field interacts with particles like a table interacts with a ball. When that quantum field starts to travel in some direction the speed of light increases with that speed. And the reason for that is that the speed of the quantum field determines the speed of light. If the speed of the quantum field is 1000m/s the speed of light above it is the speed of light + 1000m/s.
The gravitational field is the group of superstrings or quantum skyrmions. Those superstrings travel to the gravitational center. And the speed of light is relative to those superstrings. The gravitational center sends those quantum fields to the axle of the gravitational center like a black hole. That causes a repelling gravitational effect or antigravity in the point of the rotation axle of that gravitational center. That thing forms the relativistic jet of a black hole.
But if we think that in the gravitational field, the quantum fields travel into the gravitational center, we might say that the speed of light is relative. We can think gravitational field as the group of superstrings that are traveling to the gravitational center. The reason for a thing called time dilation is that the superstrings that travel to the gravitational center load energy to that material.
The speed of light is relative to the speed of the quantum field. Another way to say this thing is that the speed of particles is relative to the speed of superstrings that travel into the gravitational center.
So the speed of the superstring determines the speed of light. When a superstring travels to some direction the particle can also travel faster to that direction. We can use simple examples about this thing. The superstring whose speed is zero allows some particles can travel 1000 m/s.
The reason for that speed limit is the small energy string that travels out from the particle to the superstring. That energy string is like a brake that limits the particle's speed. So if the superstring's speed rises to 100 m/s the particle can travel 1100 m/s to the direction where the superstring travels. Those numbers are imaginational and they are used as an example of how the superstring's speed affects the speed of particles.
The reason why the gravitational field pulls particles to the gravitational center is that the superstrings that travel to the gravitational center make an electromagnetic vacuum or lower energy areas between each other. Those low-energy areas pull particles into the gravitational center, and there the gravitational center drives those superstrings to the gravitational center's poles. In black holes, the poles are axles of rotating black holes. In that model, the antigravitation or opposite gravitation is possible at the black hole's poles.
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